Rotary engine.



I PatentedfMar. 16, 1909; 2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

mm, 6 3 Z 6 & M w v 9 m a 7/ r. J A

v APPLIOATIOK runniiunn 23,1000. 915,549.

A. v. BUDD.

ROTARY ENGINE.

APPLIOATION FILED JUNE 23, 1008.

Patented Mar. 16, 1909.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

vwelntoz Alia/72 Vfilldd v of which the following ABRAM v. BUDD, or PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

. ROTARY ENGINE To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ABRAM zen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county State of lennsylvania, have invented new and-useful Improvements in Rotary Engines,

is a specification. This invention re ates to rotary e'n es and has for its objectto provide a nove and simple construction of vertical or horizontal engine of this type iniwhichprovision is made for the efiective supply, use and exhaust of the steam or other impelling medium, whereby a high degree of driving power may be 'th economy in the consumption of secured the impelling agent. 7 A Another object of the invention is to provide a novel construction of vertical rotary engine in which a cushioned bearing for the I i With these struction,

' 4 5 ing supporting shoulder 5.

piston is employed, whereby the piston is supported and balanced in an efiectlve manner.

and other objects in view, the

invention consists of the features of concombination and arrangement of fully described and claimed, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, in which:-

' Figure 1 is a central vertical section through a vertical rotary engine embodying my invention, the piston appearing in elevation. Figs. 2 and 3 are horizontal sections taken, respectively, on the lines 22 and 33 of Fig. 1. y

In the exemplification of the invention as herein shown in the form of an upright en. gine, 1 designates a base, from which rises a cylinder 2, wit which turns the rotary piston 3. The cylinder 2' is preferably integral at its lower end with the base andproded at its. upper end with a reducedcylindrical extension 4, the body of the cylinder being of less diameter than the base so that the latter projects in the form of a surroundparts hereinafter A steam chest or casing V length equivalent to that of the body of the cylinder, surrounds the same and is provided at its lower end with an inwardl extending flange 71closely fitting about the cylinder and secured be bolts or other suitable fasteningsS'. -The ower end of the Specification of Letters Patent. Application filed June 23,- 1908. Serial No. 489,995.

v. Bum), a citiof Philadelphia andv 6, of a, height or the; ower end of' chest or casing is sufficiently enlarged by the formation of the flan 7 to rest squarely upon the annular shou der 5, the inner edges .Patented March 16, 1909.

receive a suitable packin strip 9 to form a tight joint at the base of t e chest.

., of the should and flangebeing recessed to, i

The n per end of the chest or casing 6 is similar y provided with an inwardly extending flange 10 and is fixed to the upper end of the cylinder below the extension 4 thereof by screws 11., The meeting edges of the flange and cylinder are also suitably recessed at this point for the reception of a packing strip 12 to form a straight joint, said strip being confined in position by a suitable annular compression late 13, which may be secured to the upper end of the chest in any preferred manner. a

i The chest is provided at one side with a pipe 14 for the supply of the steam or other uid impelling agent thereto, the feed of which through said pipe to the chest is con: trolled by a valve 15. The cylindrical extension 4 of the clylinder is provided with a plurality of radia exhaust ports 16, for the escape of the spent fluid medium into an annular exhaust chamber 17, with which is connected an exhaust pipe 18. The upper end of the extension 4 is externally threa ed for the reception of a. ackin'g cap or ring 19,, between which and t e upper edge of said reduced extension is arranged suitable packing 20, to form a tight joint between the same and the upper end of the piston 3Q The piston 31is of a proper form and diameter to snugly fit the interior of the cylinder 2, in which it is journaled for free rotation, the .11 per end of said piston havingpro'ecting t erefrom a drive shaft 21 from w oh power may be communicated to a power shaft 22 in any preferred manner, as by the a use of intermeshing gears 23 and 24. The piston extends at its ower end into a chamer 25 in the base, in which chamber is arran ed a body 26 of some suitable bearing me ium, such as a gas or liguid, oil of a proper kind being referab y employed.

his body forms a cus ioned support forthe 1 is maintain m a ermitted to have 'ustment of the y re ulating the iston by which the latter etermined position and free rotation, vertical a iston beingalso afforded eight or degree of elevation o the liquid. The base is provided at one side with an inlet 27 into which is tapped a pipe 28 having a controlling valve 29, through which pipe the supporting liquid may be supplied to the chamber 25. At the opposite side of the chamber 25 is formed a radial exhaust port eating at-.its lower end wit through the 30, normally disposed above the highest level of the body of liquid 26 inclosed by the lower end of the piston, said ort communia discharge nozzle 31. Through this exhaust port the ligtlllid contained in the chamber 25 may be e austed when occasion requires, as when it is desired to lower the piston. in the cylinder or to replenish said chamber with a fresh,

supply of 0 fed thereto through the pi e 28. This may be accomplished by forcing 'quid through the pipe 28 into the chamber 25 so as to elevate t e piston until its lower end passes above the base of the exhaust port 30,-

and continuing the flow of the liquid to hold the iston elevated and force out the old supp y of liquid through'said exhaust port, allowing a fresh charge of liquid to take its lace.- By decreasing the pressure on the 'quid, which may be supplied by the action of a force pum through the pipe 28, the piston may be a owed to assume its normal position, as, upon the closing of the valve 29, it will force the excess ort 30. and then gravitate downwardan close said port.

The cyhnder 2 is formed with a plurality of longitudinal tangential feed slots or passages 32 extending entirely therethrough and affording communication between the interior of the chest and the interior of said cylinder. These slots are equidistantly arranged around the circumference of the cylinder and are of a height or length corresponding to the height or length of the portion thereof inclosed within the chest. formed for cooperation with said slots' 32 with an annular series of longitudinal pockets or channels 33, each havin a radial wall 34 and'an inclined or tangentia wall 35. These pockets are adapted to receive the steam introduced through the slotsor passages 32 to effect the rotation of the-piston within the cylinder, the walls 34 acting as abutments against which the steam impinges to impel the piston, as will be readily understood.

the upper end of the pistonis also formed a seriesof grooves or channels 36 operating as discharge passages for the flow of the exhaust steam from the pockets 33 to the exhaust ports 16 communicatin with the external exhaust chamber17. is an certain pocket 33 in the istonixaomes into a ement and takes steam fi om a assage 32, the steam acts thereon to propel't e piston in a determined directiou according to the arran ement of the abutment walls 34, and upon t e movement of the pocket past said passage and at a point intermediately between the same and the next adjoining passage in the f course of revolution the cooperating exhaust amount of liquid out filled with steam which wi The piston isleaka e of It will be observedthat the passages 32 are less in number than the steam pockets 33, and that the arrangement of the passages and pockets is such that only a determined num er of the pockets come into communication with a corresponding number of the passages at a time.

with five equidistantly arran ed feed passages 32, while-the piston is SIOWII as provided with seven )ockets, the construction and arrangement l) the pockets at a time will come 'into communication with and take steam from three-of the passages, while the supply of the steam will be cut off from the other ockets. Hence, in the rotation of the piston t e pockets communicating with the steam supply passages are constantly changing, some of the pockets being filled with steam acting thereon to impel the piston, others bein in exhaust. posit1on and still others arrange to take a fresh supply of steam from the sup ly passages, by wlnch the piston'is balanced in action by the steam pressuresat diflerent points thereon and a uniform rotation thereof under the action of the impelling agent secured. The exhaustgrooves or channels 36 communicate with the upper ends of the pockets 33 in rear of the longitudinal center of the pockets in the direction of rotation of the piston, so that the lpockets will be act upon the abutting Walls 34 to a determined extent before the steam passes into the exhaust channel, and, as before described, the exhaust ports 36 are so arranged-relatively to the supply ports that a degree of revolution of.

the piston equivalent to one half or more of the distance between the adjacent supply ports is permitted before either discharge In the present dis closure, the cylinder is shown as provided eing such that three of' channel comes 1n communication with an exhaust port for the final exhaust of the steam from any particular ocket to the ex haust chamber 17, thus al owing the steam to have its full effect upon the abutment of" the pocket before it is discharged. The upper and lower ends of the piston are cylindrical to snugly fit the lower end of the body of the cylinder and the upper end of its cylindrical extension 4, and are provided with suitable packing rings 37 to prevent g p the steam or impelling agent at these points.

In practice, it will, of course, beunderstood-that, the essential features of the invention may be embodied in a horizontal instead of a vertical engine, in which event the chest will rest upon a suitable sup orting base and the piston may project at elther end beyond the ends of the c linder and pro vided with shaft extensions, f i'om one or both of which power may be transmitted. In the vertical type of engine, a conical bearing may be employed in the chamber 25, to support exhaust passa es,

with said exhaust passages.

4. A rotary engine embodying a chest or casing, means forsupplying a fluid impelling medium thereto, acylinder inclosed wit the casing and extended at one end begond the same, the body of said cylinder eing provided with an annular series of feed passages and the end extension thereof with a series of exhaust passages, and a piston inclosed within the cylinder and its extension, the piston, y w 'ch the latter will-be ro said piston having its portion within the tated, and finally exhaust through the chanbody of the cylinder formed with a series of longitudinal steam pockets and its portion nels 36 into the exhaust chamber 17 and out v from the latter through the pipe 18. It is inclosed withm the end extension of the cyla series of exhaust chanof the construcnels communicating with said pockets at one believed that the simplicity side of the longitudinal center 0 tion and advantages thereof will be readily understood from the foregoing description.

' and adapted to connect the pockets with the said exhaust passages.

Havin thus fully described the invention,

-5. A rotary engine comprising a chest pro-v What is c aimed as new 1s:-

1. A rotary engine embodying a base having a chamber therein, anupright cylinder vided with means for supplying a IIIOtlVB fluidthereto, a cylinder inclosed within the chest and extended at one end beyond the IlSlIlg therefrom, a rotary piston mounted in said cylinder with its lower end snugly fitting same, the body of said cylinder bein formed with an annular series of tangentia supply the piston, and these changes are deemedto fall within the spirit and scope of my invention.

In the operation of the engine, it will, of course, be understood that upon the opening of the valve 13 the steam, compressed air or other motive agent em loyed Will pass into and fill the chest 6, an thence flow through the slots or Eassa es 32 of the pockets 33 of within the upper portion of said chamber, and a body of li uid in said chamber below f the latter said piston and orming a support for the passages and the endextensionthereofhaving piston. an annular series of exhaust ports, a cham- 2. A rotary engine embodying a base havi ing a chamber rovided with a valved inlet and an outlet disposed above the level thereof, a fluid supporting medium contained-in said chamber, a cylinder rising from the base, a rotary piston mounted in said cylinder and resting at its lower end upon the body of liquid and closing said exhaust port, an means for suppl mg steam to said cylinder for driving the piston.

3. A rotary engine embodying a chest or casing, a cylinder inclosed therein and exthe axial e of than and adapted tendin at one end therefrom, the body of ets in the rotation of the piston with the exsaid cy der being provided with steam suphaust ports. a y ply passages and the'extension thereof wit In testimony whereof I aflix my signature h alndda piston IIIQIZiDg-Bd tla in presence of two witnesses.

rotate wit in t e cy in er and provi e wit 7 i steam pockets for cooperation with said sup- B ply passages and with exhaust channels communicating therewith for cooperation Lnwis Tnomas, Manx G. THOMAS. 

